st/lama_byterun
1
0
Fork 0
mirror of https://github.com/ProgramSnail/Lama.git synced 2026-01-01 03:28:19 +00:00
Code Issues Projects Releases Packages Wiki Activity Actions

Fixed mutability bug

Browse source
This commit is contained in:
Dmitry Boulytchev 2018-11-13 09:54:04 +03:00
parent 6279f44f71
commit 5f6726930b
12 changed files with 181 additions and 747 deletions
Download patch file Download diff file Expand all files Collapse all files

124
doc/01.tex
View file

@ -1,114 +1,6 @@
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amssymb, amsmath}
\usepackage{alltt}
\usepackage{pslatex}
\usepackage{epigraph}
\usepackage{verbatim}
\usepackage{latexsym}
\usepackage{array}
\usepackage{comment}
\usepackage{makeidx}
\usepackage{listings}
\usepackage{indentfirst}
\usepackage{verbatim}
\usepackage{color}
\usepackage{url}
\usepackage{xspace}
\usepackage{hyperref}
\usepackage{stmaryrd}
\usepackage{amsmath, amsthm, amssymb}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{euscript}
\usepackage{mathtools}
\usepackage{mathrsfs}
\usepackage{multirow,bigdelim}
\makeatletter
\makeatother
\definecolor{shadecolor}{gray}{1.00}
\definecolor{darkgray}{gray}{0.30}
\newcommand{\set}[1]{\{#1\}}
\newcommand{\angled}[1]{\langle {#1} \rangle}
\newcommand{\fib}{\rightarrow_{\mathit{fib}}}
\newcommand{\fibm}{\Rightarrow_{\mathit{fib}}}
\newcommand{\oo}[1]{{#1}^o}
\newcommand{\inml}[1]{\mbox{\lstinline{#1}}}
\newcommand{\goal}{\mathfrak G}
\newcommand{\inmath}[1]{\mbox{$#1$}}
\newcommand{\sembr}[1]{\llbracket{#1}\rrbracket}
\newcommand{\withenv}[2]{{#1}\vdash{#2}}
\newcommand{\ruleno}[1]{\eqno[\textsc{#1}]}
\newcommand{\trule}[2]{\dfrac{#1}{#2}}
\definecolor{light-gray}{gray}{0.90}
\newcommand{\graybox}[1]{\colorbox{light-gray}{#1}}
\newcommand{\nredrule}[3]{
\begin{array}{cl}
\textsf{[{#1}]}&
\begin{array}{c}
#2 \\
\hline
\raisebox{-1pt}{\ensuremath{#3}}
\end{array}
\end{array}}
\newcommand{\naxiom}[2]{
\begin{array}{cl}
\textsf{[{#1}]} & \raisebox{-1pt}{\ensuremath{#2}}
\end{array}}
\lstdefinelanguage{ocaml}{
keywords={let, begin, end, in, match, type, and, fun,
function, try, with, class, object, method, of, rec, repeat, until,
while, not, do, done, as, val, inherit, module, sig, @type, struct,
if, then, else, open, virtual, new, fresh},
sensitive=true,
%basicstyle=\small,
commentstyle=\scriptsize\rmfamily,
keywordstyle=\ttfamily\bfseries,
identifierstyle=\ttfamily,
basewidth={0.5em,0.5em},
columns=fixed,
fontadjust=true,
literate={fun}{{$\lambda$}}1 {->}{{$\to$}}3 {===}{{$\equiv$}}1 {=/=}{{$\not\equiv$}}1 {|>}{{$\triangleright$}}3 {\&\&\&}{{$\wedge$}}2 {|||}{{$\vee$}}2 {^}{{$\uparrow$}}1,
morecomment=[s]{(*}{*)}
}
\lstset{
mathescape=true,
%basicstyle=\small,
identifierstyle=\ttfamily,
keywordstyle=\bfseries,
commentstyle=\scriptsize\rmfamily,
basewidth={0.5em,0.5em},
fontadjust=true,
escapechar=!,
language=ocaml
}
\sloppy
\newcommand{\ocaml}{\texttt{OCaml}\xspace}
\theoremstyle{definition}
\title{Introduction: Languages, Semantics, Interpreters, Compilers\\
(the first draft)
}
\author{Dmitry Boulytchev}
\begin{document}
\maketitle
\section{Language and semantics}
\section{Introduction: Languages, Semantics, Interpreters, Compilers}
\subsection{Language and semantics}
A language is a collection of programs. A program is an \emph{abstract syntax tree} (AST), which describes the hierarchy of constructs. An abstract
syntax of a programming language describes the format of abstract syntax trees of programs in this language. Thus, a language is a set of constructive
@ -123,7 +15,7 @@ $$
where $\mathscr D$ is some \emph{semantic domain}. The choice of the domain is at our command; for example, for Turing-complete languages $\mathscr D$ can
be the set of all partially-recursive (computable) functions.
\section{Interpreters}
\subsection{Interpreters}
In reality, the semantics often is described using \emph{interpreters}:
@ -155,7 +47,7 @@ operational, denotational or game semantics, etc.)
Pragmatically: if you have a good implementation of a good programming language you trust, you can write interpreters of other languages.
\section{Compilers}
\subsection{Compilers}
A compiler is just a language transformer
@ -176,7 +68,7 @@ And, again, we expect compilers to be defined in terms of some implementation la
its semantics in ocaml possesses the following property (fill the rest yourself).
\section{The first example: language of expressions}
\subsection{The first example: language of expressions}
Abstract syntax:
@ -250,7 +142,3 @@ Important observations:
\item This concrete semantics is \emph{strict}: for a binary operator both its arguments are evaluated unconditionally; thus,
for example, \lstinline|1 !! x| is undefined in empty state.
\end{enumerate}
\end{document}

120
doc/02.tex
View file

@ -1,118 +1,6 @@
\documentclass{article}
\section{Statements, Stack Machine, Stack Machine Compiler}
\usepackage{amssymb, amsmath}
\usepackage{alltt}
\usepackage{pslatex}
\usepackage{epigraph}
\usepackage{verbatim}
\usepackage{latexsym}
\usepackage{array}
\usepackage{comment}
\usepackage{makeidx}
\usepackage{listings}
\usepackage{indentfirst}
\usepackage{verbatim}
\usepackage{color}
\usepackage{url}
\usepackage{xspace}
\usepackage{hyperref}
\usepackage{stmaryrd}
\usepackage{amsmath, amsthm, amssymb}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{euscript}
\usepackage{mathtools}
\usepackage{mathrsfs}
\usepackage{multirow,bigdelim}
\makeatletter
\makeatother
\definecolor{shadecolor}{gray}{1.00}
\definecolor{darkgray}{gray}{0.30}
\def\transarrow{\xrightarrow}
\newcommand{\setarrow}[1]{\def\transarrow{#1}}
\def\padding{\phantom{X}}
\newcommand{\setpadding}[1]{\def\padding{#1}}
\newcommand{\trule}[2]{\frac{#1}{#2}}
\newcommand{\crule}[3]{\frac{#1}{#2},\;{#3}}
\newcommand{\withenv}[2]{{#1}\vdash{#2}}
\newcommand{\trans}[3]{{#1}\transarrow{\padding#2\padding}{#3}}
\newcommand{\ctrans}[4]{{#1}\transarrow{\padding#2\padding}{#3},\;{#4}}
\newcommand{\llang}[1]{\mbox{\lstinline[mathescape]|#1|}}
\newcommand{\pair}[2]{\inbr{{#1}\mid{#2}}}
\newcommand{\inbr}[1]{\left<{#1}\right>}
\newcommand{\highlight}[1]{\color{red}{#1}}
\newcommand{\ruleno}[1]{\eqno[\scriptsize\textsc{#1}]}
\newcommand{\rulename}[1]{\textsc{#1}}
\newcommand{\inmath}[1]{\mbox{$#1$}}
\newcommand{\lfp}[1]{fix_{#1}}
\newcommand{\gfp}[1]{Fix_{#1}}
\newcommand{\vsep}{\vspace{-2mm}}
\newcommand{\supp}[1]{\scriptsize{#1}}
\newcommand{\sembr}[1]{\llbracket{#1}\rrbracket}
\newcommand{\cd}[1]{\texttt{#1}}
\newcommand{\free}[1]{\boxed{#1}}
\newcommand{\binds}{\;\mapsto\;}
\newcommand{\dbi}[1]{\mbox{\bf{#1}}}
\newcommand{\sv}[1]{\mbox{\textbf{#1}}}
\newcommand{\bnd}[2]{{#1}\mkern-9mu\binds\mkern-9mu{#2}}
\newcommand{\meta}[1]{{\mathcal{#1}}}
\renewcommand{\emptyset}{\varnothing}
\definecolor{light-gray}{gray}{0.90}
\newcommand{\graybox}[1]{\colorbox{light-gray}{#1}}
\lstdefinelanguage{ocaml}{
keywords={let, begin, end, in, match, type, and, fun,
function, try, with, class, object, method, of, rec, repeat, until,
while, not, do, done, as, val, inherit, module, sig, @type, struct,
if, then, else, open, virtual, new, fresh},
sensitive=true,
%basicstyle=\small,
commentstyle=\scriptsize\rmfamily,
keywordstyle=\ttfamily\bfseries,
identifierstyle=\ttfamily,
basewidth={0.5em,0.5em},
columns=fixed,
fontadjust=true,
literate={fun}{{$\lambda$}}1 {->}{{$\to$}}3 {===}{{$\equiv$}}1 {=/=}{{$\not\equiv$}}1 {|>}{{$\triangleright$}}3 {\&\&\&}{{$\wedge$}}2 {|||}{{$\vee$}}2 {^}{{$\uparrow$}}1,
morecomment=[s]{(*}{*)}
}
\lstset{
mathescape=true,
%basicstyle=\small,
identifierstyle=\ttfamily,
keywordstyle=\bfseries,
commentstyle=\scriptsize\rmfamily,
basewidth={0.5em,0.5em},
fontadjust=true,
escapechar=!,
language=ocaml
}
\sloppy
\newcommand{\ocaml}{\texttt{OCaml}\xspace}
\theoremstyle{definition}
\title{Statements, Stack Machine, Stack Machine Compiler\\
(the first draft)
}
\author{Dmitry Boulytchev}
\begin{document}
\maketitle
\section{Statements}
\subsection{Statements}
More interesting language~--- a language of simple statements:
@ -225,7 +113,7 @@ As for the statement, with the aid of the relation ``$\Rightarrow$'' we can defi
\label{bs_sm}
\end{figure}
\section{A Compiler for the Stack Machine}
\subsection{A Compiler for the Stack Machine}
A compiler of the statement language into the stack machine is a total mapping
@ -257,5 +145,3 @@ And now the main dish:
\sembr{\llang{$S_1$;$\;S_2$}}_{comp}&=&\sembr{S_1}_{comp}\llang{@}\sembr{S_2}_{comp}
\end{array}
\]
\end{document}

122
doc/03.tex
View file

@ -1,122 +1,4 @@
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amssymb, amsmath}
\usepackage{alltt}
\usepackage{pslatex}
\usepackage{epigraph}
\usepackage{verbatim}
\usepackage{latexsym}
\usepackage{array}
\usepackage{comment}
\usepackage{makeidx}
\usepackage{listings}
\usepackage{indentfirst}
\usepackage{verbatim}
\usepackage{color}
\usepackage{url}
\usepackage{xspace}
\usepackage{hyperref}
\usepackage{stmaryrd}
\usepackage{amsmath, amsthm, amssymb}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{euscript}
\usepackage{mathtools}
\usepackage{mathrsfs}
\usepackage{multirow,bigdelim}
\usepackage{subcaption}
\usepackage{placeins}
\makeatletter
\makeatother
\definecolor{shadecolor}{gray}{1.00}
\definecolor{darkgray}{gray}{0.30}
\def\transarrow{\xrightarrow}
\newcommand{\setarrow}[1]{\def\transarrow{#1}}
\def\padding{\phantom{X}}
\newcommand{\setpadding}[1]{\def\padding{#1}}
\newcommand{\trule}[2]{\frac{#1}{#2}}
\newcommand{\crule}[3]{\frac{#1}{#2},\;{#3}}
\newcommand{\withenv}[2]{{#1}\vdash{#2}}
\newcommand{\trans}[3]{{#1}\transarrow{\padding#2\padding}{#3}}
\newcommand{\ctrans}[4]{{#1}\transarrow{\padding#2\padding}{#3},\;{#4}}
\newcommand{\llang}[1]{\mbox{\lstinline[mathescape]|#1|}}
\newcommand{\pair}[2]{\inbr{{#1}\mid{#2}}}
\newcommand{\inbr}[1]{\left<{#1}\right>}
\newcommand{\highlight}[1]{\color{red}{#1}}
\newcommand{\ruleno}[1]{\eqno[\scriptsize\textsc{#1}]}
\newcommand{\rulename}[1]{\textsc{#1}}
\newcommand{\inmath}[1]{\mbox{$#1$}}
\newcommand{\lfp}[1]{fix_{#1}}
\newcommand{\gfp}[1]{Fix_{#1}}
\newcommand{\vsep}{\vspace{-2mm}}
\newcommand{\supp}[1]{\scriptsize{#1}}
\newcommand{\sembr}[1]{\llbracket{#1}\rrbracket}
\newcommand{\cd}[1]{\texttt{#1}}
\newcommand{\free}[1]{\boxed{#1}}
\newcommand{\binds}{\;\mapsto\;}
\newcommand{\dbi}[1]{\mbox{\bf{#1}}}
\newcommand{\sv}[1]{\mbox{\textbf{#1}}}
\newcommand{\bnd}[2]{{#1}\mkern-9mu\binds\mkern-9mu{#2}}
\newtheorem{lemma}{Lemma}
\newtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}
\newcommand{\meta}[1]{{\mathcal{#1}}}
\renewcommand{\emptyset}{\varnothing}
\definecolor{light-gray}{gray}{0.90}
\newcommand{\graybox}[1]{\colorbox{light-gray}{#1}}
\lstdefinelanguage{ocaml}{
keywords={let, begin, end, in, match, type, and, fun,
function, try, with, class, object, method, of, rec, repeat, until,
while, not, do, done, as, val, inherit, module, sig, @type, struct,
if, then, else, open, virtual, new, fresh},
sensitive=true,
%basicstyle=\small,
commentstyle=\scriptsize\rmfamily,
keywordstyle=\ttfamily\bfseries,
identifierstyle=\ttfamily,
basewidth={0.5em,0.5em},
columns=fixed,
fontadjust=true,
literate={fun}{{$\lambda$}}1 {->}{{$\to$}}3 {===}{{$\equiv$}}1 {=/=}{{$\not\equiv$}}1 {|>}{{$\triangleright$}}3 {\&\&\&}{{$\wedge$}}2 {|||}{{$\vee$}}2 {^}{{$\uparrow$}}1,
morecomment=[s]{(*}{*)}
}
\lstset{
mathescape=true,
%basicstyle=\small,
identifierstyle=\ttfamily,
keywordstyle=\bfseries,
commentstyle=\scriptsize\rmfamily,
basewidth={0.5em,0.5em},
fontadjust=true,
escapechar=!,
language=ocaml
}
\sloppy
\newcommand{\ocaml}{\texttt{OCaml}\xspace}
\theoremstyle{definition}
\title{Structural Induction\\
(the first draft)
}
\author{Dmitry Boulytchev}
\begin{document}
\maketitle
%\section{Structural Induction}
\section{Structural Induction}
\begin{figure}
\begin{subfigure}{\textwidth}
@ -285,5 +167,3 @@ configurations, since they are never affected by the remaining instructions.
Taking into account the semantics of \llang{BINOP $\otimes$} and applying the compositionality lemma, the theorem follows.
\end{itemize}
\end{proof}
\end{document}

133
doc/04.tex
View file

@ -1,121 +1,6 @@
\documentclass{article}
\title{Control Flow Constructs}
\usepackage{amssymb, amsmath}
\usepackage{alltt}
\usepackage{pslatex}
\usepackage{epigraph}
\usepackage{verbatim}
\usepackage{latexsym}
\usepackage{array}
\usepackage{comment}
\usepackage{makeidx}
\usepackage{listings}
\usepackage{indentfirst}
\usepackage{verbatim}
\usepackage{color}
\usepackage{url}
\usepackage{xspace}
\usepackage{hyperref}
\usepackage{stmaryrd}
\usepackage{amsmath, amsthm, amssymb}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{euscript}
\usepackage{mathtools}
\usepackage{mathrsfs}
\usepackage{multirow,bigdelim}
\usepackage{subcaption}
\usepackage{placeins}
\makeatletter
\makeatother
\definecolor{shadecolor}{gray}{1.00}
\definecolor{darkgray}{gray}{0.30}
\def\transarrow{\xrightarrow}
\newcommand{\setarrow}[1]{\def\transarrow{#1}}
\def\padding{\phantom{X}}
\newcommand{\setpadding}[1]{\def\padding{#1}}
\newcommand{\trule}[2]{\frac{#1}{#2}}
\newcommand{\crule}[3]{\frac{#1}{#2},\;{#3}}
\newcommand{\withenv}[2]{{#1}\vdash{#2}}
\newcommand{\trans}[3]{{#1}\transarrow{\padding#2\padding}{#3}}
\newcommand{\ctrans}[4]{{#1}\transarrow{\padding#2\padding}{#3},\;{#4}}
\newcommand{\llang}[1]{\mbox{\lstinline[mathescape]|#1|}}
\newcommand{\pair}[2]{\inbr{{#1}\mid{#2}}}
\newcommand{\inbr}[1]{\left<{#1}\right>}
\newcommand{\highlight}[1]{\color{red}{#1}}
\newcommand{\ruleno}[1]{\eqno[\scriptsize\textsc{#1}]}
\newcommand{\rulename}[1]{\textsc{#1}}
\newcommand{\inmath}[1]{\mbox{$#1$}}
\newcommand{\lfp}[1]{fix_{#1}}
\newcommand{\gfp}[1]{Fix_{#1}}
\newcommand{\vsep}{\vspace{-2mm}}
\newcommand{\supp}[1]{\scriptsize{#1}}
\newcommand{\sembr}[1]{\llbracket{#1}\rrbracket}
\newcommand{\cd}[1]{\texttt{#1}}
\newcommand{\free}[1]{\boxed{#1}}
\newcommand{\binds}{\;\mapsto\;}
\newcommand{\dbi}[1]{\mbox{\bf{#1}}}
\newcommand{\sv}[1]{\mbox{\textbf{#1}}}
\newcommand{\bnd}[2]{{#1}\mkern-9mu\binds\mkern-9mu{#2}}
\newtheorem{lemma}{Lemma}
\newtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}
\newcommand{\meta}[1]{{\mathcal{#1}}}
\renewcommand{\emptyset}{\varnothing}
\definecolor{light-gray}{gray}{0.90}
\newcommand{\graybox}[1]{\colorbox{light-gray}{#1}}
\lstdefinelanguage{ocaml}{
keywords={let, begin, end, in, match, type, and, fun,
function, try, with, class, object, method, of, rec, repeat, until,
while, not, do, done, as, val, inherit, module, sig, @type, struct,
if, then, else, open, virtual, new, fresh, skip, od, fi, elif, for},
sensitive=true,
%basicstyle=\small,
commentstyle=\scriptsize\rmfamily,
keywordstyle=\ttfamily\bfseries,
identifierstyle=\ttfamily,
basewidth={0.5em,0.5em},
columns=fixed,
fontadjust=true,
literate={fun}{{$\lambda$}}1 {->}{{$\to$}}3 {===}{{$\equiv$}}1 {=/=}{{$\not\equiv$}}1 {|>}{{$\triangleright$}}3 {\&\&\&}{{$\wedge$}}2 {|||}{{$\vee$}}2 {^}{{$\uparrow$}}1,
morecomment=[s]{(*}{*)}
}
\lstset{
mathescape=true,
%basicstyle=\small,
identifierstyle=\ttfamily,
keywordstyle=\bfseries,
commentstyle=\scriptsize\rmfamily,
basewidth={0.5em,0.5em},
fontadjust=true,
escapechar=!,
language=ocaml
}
\sloppy
\newcommand{\ocaml}{\texttt{OCaml}\xspace}
\theoremstyle{definition}
\title{Control Flow Constructs\\
(the first draft)
}
\author{Dmitry Boulytchev}
\begin{document}
\maketitle
\section{Structural Control Flow}
\subsection{Structural Control Flow}
We add a few structural control flow constructs to the language:
@ -143,27 +28,27 @@ In the concrete syntax for the constructs we add the closing keywords ``\llang{i
\[\trans{c}{\llang{skip}}{c}\ruleno{Skip$_{bs}$}\]
\[
\crule{\trans{c}{\mbox{$S_1$}}{c^\prime}}
{\trans{c}{\llang{if $\;e\;$ then $\;S_1\;$ else $\;S_2\;$}}{c^\prime}}
{\trans{c=\inbr{s, \_, \_}}{\llang{if $\;e\;$ then $\;S_1\;$ else $\;S_2\;$}}{c^\prime}}
{\sembr{e}\;s\ne 0}\ruleno{If-True$_{bs}$}
\]
\[
\crule{\trans{c}{\mbox{$S_2$}}{c^\prime}}
{\trans{c}{\llang{if $\;e\;$ then $\;S_1\;$ else $\;S_2\;$}}{c^\prime}}
{\trans{c=\inbr{s, \_, \_}}{\llang{if $\;e\;$ then $\;S_1\;$ else $\;S_2\;$}}{c^\prime}}
{\sembr{e}\;s=0}\ruleno{If-False$_{bs}$}
\]
\[
\crule{\trans{c}{\llang{$S$}}{c^\prime},\;\trans{c^\prime}{\llang{while $\;e\;$ do $\;S\;$}}{c^{\prime\prime}}}
{\trans{c}{\llang{while $\;e\;$ do $\;S\;$}}{c^{\prime\prime}}}
{\trans{c=\inbr{s, \_, \_}}{\llang{while $\;e\;$ do $\;S\;$}}{c^{\prime\prime}}}
{\sembr{e}\;s\ne 0}\ruleno{While-True$_{bs}$}
\]
\[
\ctrans{c}{\llang{while $\;e\;$ do $\;S\;$}}{c}{\sembr{e}\;s=0}\ruleno{While-False$_{bs}$}
\ctrans{c=\inbr{s, \_, \_}}{\llang{while $\;e\;$ do $\;S\;$}}{c}{\sembr{e}\;s=0}\ruleno{While-False$_{bs}$}
\]
\caption{Big-step operational semantics for control flow statements}
\label{bs_stmt_cf}
\end{figure}
\section{Extended Stack Machine}
\subsection{Extended Stack Machine}
In order to compile the extended language into a program for the stack machine the latter has to be extended. First, we introduce a set of label names
@ -223,7 +108,7 @@ Finally, the top-level semantics for the extended stack machine can be redefined
\forall p\in\mathscr P,\,\forall i\in\mathbb Z^*\;:\;\sembr{p}_{SM}\;i=o\Leftrightarrow\withenv{p}{\trans{\inbr{\epsilon, \inbr{\bot, i, \epsilon}}}{p}{\inbr{\_, \inbr{\_, \_, o}}}}
\]
\section{Syntax Extensions}
\subsection{Syntax Extensions}
With the structural control flow constructs already implemented, it is rather simple to ``saturate'' the language with more elaborated control constructs, using
the method of \emph{syntactic extension}. Namely, we may introduce the following constructs
@ -331,5 +216,3 @@ loop using syntax extension:
\end{tabular}
However, for nested \lstinline{repeat} constructs the size of extended program is exponential w.r.t. the nesting depth, which makes the whole idea unreasonable.
\end{document}

118
doc/05.tex
View file

@ -1,120 +1,3 @@
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amssymb, amsmath}
\usepackage{alltt}
\usepackage{pslatex}
\usepackage{epigraph}
\usepackage{verbatim}
\usepackage{latexsym}
\usepackage{array}
\usepackage{comment}
\usepackage{makeidx}
\usepackage{listings}
\usepackage{indentfirst}
\usepackage{verbatim}
\usepackage{color}
\usepackage{url}
\usepackage{xspace}
\usepackage{hyperref}
\usepackage{stmaryrd}
\usepackage{amsmath, amsthm, amssymb}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{euscript}
\usepackage{mathtools}
\usepackage{mathrsfs}
\usepackage{multirow,bigdelim}
\usepackage{subcaption}
\usepackage{placeins}
\makeatletter
\makeatother
\definecolor{shadecolor}{gray}{1.00}
\definecolor{darkgray}{gray}{0.30}
\def\transarrow{\xrightarrow}
\newcommand{\setarrow}[1]{\def\transarrow{#1}}
\def\padding{\phantom{X}}
\newcommand{\setpadding}[1]{\def\padding{#1}}
\newcommand{\trule}[2]{\frac{#1}{#2}}
\newcommand{\crule}[3]{\frac{#1}{#2},\;{#3}}
\newcommand{\withenv}[2]{{#1}\vdash{#2}}
\newcommand{\trans}[3]{{#1}\transarrow{\padding#2\padding}{#3}}
\newcommand{\ctrans}[4]{{#1}\transarrow{\padding#2\padding}{#3},\;{#4}}
\newcommand{\llang}[1]{\mbox{\lstinline[mathescape]|#1|}}
\newcommand{\pair}[2]{\inbr{{#1}\mid{#2}}}
\newcommand{\inbr}[1]{\left<{#1}\right>}
\newcommand{\highlight}[1]{\color{red}{#1}}
\newcommand{\ruleno}[1]{\eqno[\scriptsize\textsc{#1}]}
\newcommand{\rulename}[1]{\textsc{#1}}
\newcommand{\inmath}[1]{\mbox{$#1$}}
\newcommand{\lfp}[1]{fix_{#1}}
\newcommand{\gfp}[1]{Fix_{#1}}
\newcommand{\vsep}{\vspace{-2mm}}
\newcommand{\supp}[1]{\scriptsize{#1}}
\newcommand{\sembr}[1]{\llbracket{#1}\rrbracket}
\newcommand{\cd}[1]{\texttt{#1}}
\newcommand{\free}[1]{\boxed{#1}}
\newcommand{\binds}{\;\mapsto\;}
\newcommand{\dbi}[1]{\mbox{\bf{#1}}}
\newcommand{\sv}[1]{\mbox{\textbf{#1}}}
\newcommand{\bnd}[2]{{#1}\mkern-9mu\binds\mkern-9mu{#2}}
\newtheorem{lemma}{Lemma}
\newtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}
\newcommand{\meta}[1]{{\mathcal{#1}}}
\renewcommand{\emptyset}{\varnothing}
\definecolor{light-gray}{gray}{0.90}
\newcommand{\graybox}[1]{\colorbox{light-gray}{#1}}
\lstdefinelanguage{ocaml}{
keywords={let, begin, end, in, match, type, and, fun,
function, try, with, class, object, method, of, rec, repeat, until,
while, not, do, done, as, val, inherit, module, sig, @type, struct,
if, then, else, open, virtual, new, fresh, skip, od, fi, elif, for, local},
sensitive=true,
%basicstyle=\small,
commentstyle=\scriptsize\rmfamily,
keywordstyle=\ttfamily\bfseries,
identifierstyle=\ttfamily,
basewidth={0.5em,0.5em},
columns=fixed,
fontadjust=true,
literate={->}{{$\to$}}3 {===}{{$\equiv$}}1 {=/=}{{$\not\equiv$}}1 {|>}{{$\triangleright$}}3 {\&\&\&}{{$\wedge$}}2 {|||}{{$\vee$}}2 {^}{{$\uparrow$}}1,
morecomment=[s]{(*}{*)}
}
\lstset{
mathescape=true,
%basicstyle=\small,
identifierstyle=\ttfamily,
keywordstyle=\bfseries,
commentstyle=\scriptsize\rmfamily,
basewidth={0.5em,0.5em},
fontadjust=true,
escapechar=!,
language=ocaml
}
\sloppy
\newcommand{\ocaml}{\texttt{OCaml}\xspace}
\theoremstyle{definition}
\title{Procedures\\
(the first draft)
}
\author{Dmitry Boulytchev}
\begin{document}
\maketitle
\section{Procedures}
Procedures are unit-returning functions. We consider adding procedures as a separate step, since introducing full-fledged functions would require
@ -283,4 +166,3 @@ Now we specify additional rules for the new instructions:
\[
\withenv{P}{\trans{\inbr{\epsilon,\,st,\,c}}{\llang{END}p}{\inbr{\epsilon,\,st,\,c}}}\ruleno{EndStop$_{SM}$}
\]
\end{document}

138
doc/06.tex
View file

@ -1,124 +1,6 @@
\documentclass{article}
\section{Functions}
\usepackage{amssymb, amsmath}
\usepackage{alltt}
\usepackage{pslatex}
\usepackage{epigraph}
\usepackage{verbatim}
\usepackage{latexsym}
\usepackage{array}
\usepackage{comment}
\usepackage{makeidx}
\usepackage{listings}
\usepackage{indentfirst}
\usepackage{verbatim}
\usepackage{color}
\usepackage{url}
\usepackage{xspace}
\usepackage{hyperref}
\usepackage{stmaryrd}
\usepackage{amsmath, amsthm, amssymb}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{euscript}
\usepackage{mathtools}
\usepackage{mathrsfs}
\usepackage{multirow,bigdelim}
\usepackage{subcaption}
\usepackage{placeins}
\makeatletter
\makeatother
\definecolor{shadecolor}{gray}{1.00}
\definecolor{darkgray}{gray}{0.30}
\def\transarrow{\xrightarrow}
\newcommand{\setarrow}[1]{\def\transarrow{#1}}
\def\padding{\phantom{X}}
\newcommand{\setpadding}[1]{\def\padding{#1}}
\def\subarrow{}
\newcommand{\setsubarrow}[1]{\def\subarrow{#1}}
\newcommand{\trule}[2]{\frac{#1}{#2}}
\newcommand{\crule}[3]{\frac{#1}{#2},\;{#3}}
\newcommand{\withenv}[2]{{#1}\vdash{#2}}
\newcommand{\trans}[3]{{#1}\transarrow{\padding#2\padding}\subarrow{#3}}
\newcommand{\ctrans}[4]{{#1}\transarrow{\padding#2\padding}\subarrow{#3},\;{#4}}
\newcommand{\llang}[1]{\mbox{\lstinline[mathescape]|#1|}}
\newcommand{\pair}[2]{\inbr{{#1}\mid{#2}}}
\newcommand{\inbr}[1]{\left<{#1}\right>}
\newcommand{\highlight}[1]{\color{red}{#1}}
\newcommand{\ruleno}[1]{\eqno[\scriptsize\textsc{#1}]}
\newcommand{\rulename}[1]{\textsc{#1}}
\newcommand{\inmath}[1]{\mbox{$#1$}}
\newcommand{\lfp}[1]{fix_{#1}}
\newcommand{\gfp}[1]{Fix_{#1}}
\newcommand{\vsep}{\vspace{-2mm}}
\newcommand{\supp}[1]{\scriptsize{#1}}
\newcommand{\sembr}[1]{\llbracket{#1}\rrbracket}
\newcommand{\cd}[1]{\texttt{#1}}
\newcommand{\free}[1]{\boxed{#1}}
\newcommand{\binds}{\;\mapsto\;}
\newcommand{\dbi}[1]{\mbox{\bf{#1}}}
\newcommand{\sv}[1]{\mbox{\textbf{#1}}}
\newcommand{\bnd}[2]{{#1}\mkern-9mu\binds\mkern-9mu{#2}}
\newtheorem{lemma}{Lemma}
\newtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}
\newcommand{\meta}[1]{{\mathcal{#1}}}
\renewcommand{\emptyset}{\varnothing}
\definecolor{light-gray}{gray}{0.90}
\newcommand{\graybox}[1]{\colorbox{light-gray}{#1}}
\lstdefinelanguage{ocaml}{
keywords={let, begin, end, in, match, type, and, fun,
function, try, with, class, object, method, of, rec, repeat, until,
while, not, do, done, as, val, inherit, module, sig, @type, struct,
if, then, else, open, virtual, new, fresh, skip, od, fi, elif, for, local, return, read, write},
sensitive=true,
%basicstyle=\small,
commentstyle=\scriptsize\rmfamily,
keywordstyle=\ttfamily\bfseries,
identifierstyle=\ttfamily,
basewidth={0.5em,0.5em},
columns=fixed,
fontadjust=true,
literate={->}{{$\to$}}3 {===}{{$\equiv$}}1 {=/=}{{$\not\equiv$}}1 {|>}{{$\triangleright$}}3 {\&\&\&}{{$\wedge$}}2 {|||}{{$\vee$}}2 {^}{{$\uparrow$}}1,
morecomment=[s]{(*}{*)}
}
\lstset{
mathescape=true,
%basicstyle=\small,
identifierstyle=\ttfamily,
keywordstyle=\bfseries,
commentstyle=\scriptsize\rmfamily,
basewidth={0.5em,0.5em},
fontadjust=true,
escapechar=!,
language=ocaml
}
\sloppy
\newcommand{\ocaml}{\texttt{OCaml}\xspace}
\theoremstyle{definition}
\title{Functions\\
(the first draft)
}
\author{Dmitry Boulytchev}
\begin{document}
\maketitle
\section{Functions in Expressions}
\subsection{Functions in Expressions}
At the syntax level function calls are introduced with the following construct:
@ -177,7 +59,7 @@ The rules inself are summarized in the Fig.~\ref{bs_expr}. Note the use of doubl
\label{bs_expr}
\end{figure}
\section{Return Statement}
\subsection{Return Statement}
In order to make it possible to return values from procedures we add a return statement to the language of statements:
@ -269,12 +151,12 @@ The rules themselves are shown on Fig.~\ref{bs_cps}. Note, the rule for the call
\]
\[\trule{\begin{array}{c}
{\setsubarrow{_{\mathscr E}}\withenv{\Phi}{\trans{c_{j-1}}{e_j}{c_j=\inbr{\sigma_j,\,i_j,\,o_j,\,v_j}}}}\\
\Phi\;f = \llang{fun $\;f\;$ ($\overline{a}$) local $\;\overline{l}\;$ \{$s$\}}\\
\withenv{\llang{skip},\,\Phi}{\trans{\inbr{\mbox{\textbf{enter}}\;\sigma_k\; (\overline{a}@\overline{l})\; [\overline{a_j\gets v_j}],i_k,o_k,\hbox{---}}}{s}{\inbr{\sigma^\prime, i^\prime, o^\prime, n}}}
\end{array}
}
{\withenv{K,\,\Phi}{\trans{c_0=\inbr{\sigma_0,\,\_,\,\_,\,\_}}{f (\overline{e_k})}{\inbr{\mbox{\textbf{leave}}\;\sigma^\prime\;\sigma_0, i^\prime, o^\prime, n}}}}
{\setsubarrow{_{\mathscr E}}\withenv{\Phi}{\trans{c_{j-1}}{e_j}{c_j=\inbr{\sigma_j,\,i_j,\,o_j,\,v_j}}}}\\
\Phi\;f = \llang{fun $\;f\;$ ($\overline{a}$) local $\;\overline{l}\;$ \{$s$\}} \\
\withenv{\llang{skip},\,\Phi}{\trans{\inbr{\mbox{\textbf{enter}}\;\sigma_k\; (\overline{a}@\overline{l})\; [\overline{a_j\gets v_j}],i_k,o_k,\hbox{---}}}{s}{\inbr{\sigma^\prime, i^\prime, o^\prime, \hbox{---}}}}\\
\withenv{\llang{skip},\,\Phi}{\trans{\inbr{\mbox{\textbf{leave}}\;\sigma^\prime\;\sigma_0, i^\prime, o^\prime, \hbox{---}}}{K}{\inbr{\sigma^{\prime\prime}, i^{\prime\prime}, o^{\prime\prime}, n}}}
\end{array}}
{\withenv{K,\,\Phi}{\trans{c_0=\inbr{\sigma_0,\,\_,\,\_,\,\_}}{f (\overline{e_k})}{\inbr{\sigma^{\prime\prime}, i^{\prime\prime}, o^{\prime\prime}, n}}}}
\ruleno{Call}
\]
@ -292,5 +174,3 @@ The rules themselves are shown on Fig.~\ref{bs_cps}. Note, the rule for the call
\caption{Continuation-passing Style Semantics for Statements}
\label{bs_cps}
\end{figure}
\end{document}

128
doc/lectures.tex Normal file
View file

@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amssymb, amsmath}
\usepackage{alltt}
\usepackage{pslatex}
\usepackage{epigraph}
\usepackage{verbatim}
\usepackage{latexsym}
\usepackage{array}
\usepackage{comment}
\usepackage{makeidx}
\usepackage{listings}
\usepackage{indentfirst}
\usepackage{verbatim}
\usepackage{color}
\usepackage{url}
\usepackage{xspace}
\usepackage{hyperref}
\usepackage{stmaryrd}
\usepackage{amsmath, amsthm, amssymb}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{euscript}
\usepackage{mathtools}
\usepackage{mathrsfs}
\usepackage{multirow,bigdelim}
\usepackage{subcaption}
\usepackage{placeins}
\makeatletter
\makeatother
\definecolor{shadecolor}{gray}{1.00}
\definecolor{darkgray}{gray}{0.30}
\def\transarrow{\xrightarrow}
\newcommand{\setarrow}[1]{\def\transarrow{#1}}
\def\padding{\phantom{X}}
\newcommand{\setpadding}[1]{\def\padding{#1}}
\def\subarrow{}
\newcommand{\setsubarrow}[1]{\def\subarrow{#1}}
\newcommand{\trule}[2]{\frac{#1}{#2}}
\newcommand{\crule}[3]{\frac{#1}{#2},\;{#3}}
\newcommand{\withenv}[2]{{#1}\vdash{#2}}
\newcommand{\trans}[3]{{#1}\transarrow{\padding#2\padding}\subarrow{#3}}
\newcommand{\ctrans}[4]{{#1}\transarrow{\padding#2\padding}\subarrow{#3},\;{#4}}
\newcommand{\llang}[1]{\mbox{\lstinline[mathescape]|#1|}}
\newcommand{\pair}[2]{\inbr{{#1}\mid{#2}}}
\newcommand{\inbr}[1]{\left<{#1}\right>}
\newcommand{\highlight}[1]{\color{red}{#1}}
\newcommand{\ruleno}[1]{\eqno[\scriptsize\textsc{#1}]}
\newcommand{\rulename}[1]{\textsc{#1}}
\newcommand{\inmath}[1]{\mbox{$#1$}}
\newcommand{\lfp}[1]{fix_{#1}}
\newcommand{\gfp}[1]{Fix_{#1}}
\newcommand{\vsep}{\vspace{-2mm}}
\newcommand{\supp}[1]{\scriptsize{#1}}
\newcommand{\sembr}[1]{\llbracket{#1}\rrbracket}
\newcommand{\cd}[1]{\texttt{#1}}
\newcommand{\free}[1]{\boxed{#1}}
\newcommand{\binds}{\;\mapsto\;}
\newcommand{\dbi}[1]{\mbox{\bf{#1}}}
\newcommand{\sv}[1]{\mbox{\textbf{#1}}}
\newcommand{\bnd}[2]{{#1}\mkern-9mu\binds\mkern-9mu{#2}}
\newtheorem{lemma}{Lemma}
\newtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}
\newcommand{\meta}[1]{{\mathcal{#1}}}
\renewcommand{\emptyset}{\varnothing}
\newcommand{\dom}[1]{\mathtt{dom}\;{#1}}
\definecolor{light-gray}{gray}{0.90}
\newcommand{\graybox}[1]{\colorbox{light-gray}{#1}}
\lstdefinelanguage{ocaml}{
keywords={let, begin, end, in, match, type, and, fun,
function, try, with, class, object, method, of, rec, repeat, until,
while, not, do, done, as, val, inherit, module, sig, @type, struct,
if, then, else, open, virtual, new, fresh, skip, od, fi, elif, for, local, return, read, write},
sensitive=true,
%basicstyle=\small,
commentstyle=\scriptsize\rmfamily,
keywordstyle=\ttfamily\bfseries,
identifierstyle=\ttfamily,
basewidth={0.5em,0.5em},
columns=fixed,
fontadjust=true,
literate={->}{{$\to$}}3 {===}{{$\equiv$}}1 {=/=}{{$\not\equiv$}}1 {|>}{{$\triangleright$}}3 {\&\&\&}{{$\wedge$}}2 {|||}{{$\vee$}}2 {^}{{$\uparrow$}}1,
morecomment=[s]{(*}{*)}
}
\lstset{
mathescape=true,
%basicstyle=\small,
identifierstyle=\ttfamily,
keywordstyle=\bfseries,
commentstyle=\scriptsize\rmfamily,
basewidth={0.5em,0.5em},
fontadjust=true,
escapechar=!,
language=ocaml
}
\sloppy
\newcommand{\ocaml}{\texttt{OCaml}\xspace}
\theoremstyle{definition}
\title{Introduction to Programming Languages, Compilers and Tools}
\author{Dmitry Boulytchev}
\begin{document}
\maketitle
\input{01}
\input{02}
\input{03}
\input{04}
\input{05}
\input{06}
\input{07}
\end{document}