mirror of
https://github.com/ProgramSnail/pass_strategy_synthesis.git
synced 2026-04-27 00:34:50 +00:00
816 lines
18 KiB
Typst
816 lines
18 KiB
Typst
// #import "@preview/polylux:0.4.0": *
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#import "@preview/simplebnf:0.1.1": *
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// #import "@preview/zebraw:0.5.0": *
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// #show: zebraw
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#import "@preview/curryst:0.6.0": rule, prooftree, rule-set
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#import "@preview/xarrow:0.4.0": xarrow, xarrowDashed, xarrowSquiggly
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= Формальная модель используемого языка
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#h(10pt)
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// TODO: check correctnes for path, mem & type ??
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== Syntax
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#h(10pt)
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#let rf = $\& #h(3pt)$
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#let isCorrect = `isCorrect`
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#let isRead = `isRead`
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#let isAlwaysWrite = `isAlwaysWrite`
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#let isPossibleWrite = `isPossibleWrite`
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#let isRef = `isRef`
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#let isCopy = `isCopy`
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#let isIn = `isIn`
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#let isOut = `isOut`
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#let mode = `mode`
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#let expr = `expr`
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#let stmt = `stmt`
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#let decl = `decl`
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#let prog = `prog`
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#let path = `path`
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#let type = `type`
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#bnf(
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Prod(`read`,
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// NOTE: not three modalities for write, because read does not change value
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// => it is not important to observe rsult, no differenc between always and maybe
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{ Or[Read][read passed value]
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Or[$not$ Read][] } ),
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Prod(`write`,
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{ Or[$square$ Write][in all cases there is a write to passed variable] // always write, requre at least one write in each flow variant
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Or[$diamond$ Write][in some cases there is a write to passed variable] // possible write, no requirements (?)
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Or[$not$ Write][] } ), // no write, require n owrites in all flow variants
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Prod(`copy`,
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{ Or[Ref][pass reference to the value]
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Or[Value][pass copy of the value] } ),
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Prod(`in`,
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{ Or[In][parameter value used as input]
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Or[$not$ In][] } ),
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Prod(`out`,
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{ Or[Out][parameter value returned]
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Or[$not$ Out][] } ),
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Prod(
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`mode`,
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{
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Or[`read` #h(3pt) `write` #h(3pt) `copy` #h(3pt) `in` #h(3pt) `out`][]
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}
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),
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Prod(
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`path`,
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{
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// NOTE: global vars & local vars names could be used with one constructor
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// Or[$\#x$][funciton or global variable itself]
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Or[$@ X$][function argument or variable itself]
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Or[$* path$][reference insede path]
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Or[$path . n$][access $n$-th cell of the tuple]
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// Or[$path : n$][access $n$-th cell of the union] // TODO: another notation ??
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}
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),
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Prod(
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`type`,
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{
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Or[$()$][simple type representing all primitive types] // `Unit`
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Or[\& #h(3pt) `mode` #h(3pt) `type`][reference to structure, contains copy / ref choice] // `Ref`
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Or[$[type+]$][tuple type] // `Prod`
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// Or[`type` $times$ `type`][pair type, allows to make tuples] // `Prod`
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// Or[`type` $+$ `type`][union type (important in some way ???)] // `Sum` // TODO ?
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// NOTE: do not use names in type
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// Or[$lambda_((x type)+)$][type of lambda or function pointer, defined by function declaration] // `Fun`
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Or[$lambda type+$][type of lambda or function pointer, defined by function declaration] // `Fun`
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}
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),
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Prod(
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`expr`,
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{
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Or[$()$][value of simple type] // `Unit`
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Or[$path$][value from variable] // `Path`
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Or[$rf expr$][reference expr] // `Ref`
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Or[$[expr+]$][tuple expr] // `Prod`
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}
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),
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Prod(
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`stmt`,
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{
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Or[`CALL` $f space expr+$][call function]
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Or[`WRITE` $path$][write to variable]
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Or[`READ` $path$][read from variable]
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Or[$stmt ; stmt$][control flow operator, xecution ]
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Or[$stmt | stmt$][control flow operator, excution of one statements]
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}
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),
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Prod(
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`decl`,
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{
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// TODO: path not allowed ??
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Or[$"var" X : type = expr$][global variable declaration]
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Or[$"fun" X ((X : type)+) = stmt$][function declaration]
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}
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),
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Prod(
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`prog`,
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{
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Or[$decl stmt$][declarations and executet statement]
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}
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),
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)
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== Value Model
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// FIXME: check & add details
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#let deepvalue = `deepvalue`
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#let value = `value`
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#let copy = `copy`
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#bnf(
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Prod(
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$deepvalue$,
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{
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Or[$0$][valid value of simple type] // `Unit`
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Or[$\#$][valid or spoiled value of simple type] // `Unit`
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Or[$bot$][spoiled value of simple type] // `Unit`
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Or[$lambda type+ stmt$][function pointer value] // `Fun`
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Or[$rf deepvalue$][reference value, contains label of the value in the memory] // `Ref`
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Or[$[deepvalue+]$][tuple value] // `Prod`
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}
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),
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Prod(
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$value_mu$,
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{
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Or[$0$][valid value of simple type] // `Unit`
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Or[$\#$][valid or spoiled value of simple type] // `Unit`
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Or[$bot$][spoiled value of simple type] // `Unit`
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Or[$lambda type+ stmt$][function pointer value] // `Fun`
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// FIXME: embed mode into value for simplification ??
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Or[$rf copy LL$][reference value, contains label of the value in the memory] // `Ref`
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Or[$[value+]$][tuple value] // `Prod`
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}
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),
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)
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#deepvalue - полное значение, #value - слой значения, привязан к конкретной памяти $mu$
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Значения, могут лежать в переменных и передаваться как аргументы функций (то, во что вычисляется $expr$)
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$v in value$ - произвольное значение
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Получение #deepvalue по #value:
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- $rf copy LL xarrowSquiggly(mu)_#[deep] rf copy mu[LL]$
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- $* xarrowSquiggly(mu)_#[deep] *$
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где $*$ - произвольный конструктор значения, кроме $rf$
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== Memory Model
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#let cl = $chevron.l$
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#let cr = $chevron.r$
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#let mem = `mem`
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- $LL$ - множество меток памяти
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- $mem := LL -> value, space mu : mem$ - память, частично определённая функция
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- $l in LL$ - новый тег памяти (ранее не использованный)
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- `next` - получение следующей неиспользованной метки в памяти
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#align(center, prooftree(
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vertical-spacing: 4pt,
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rule(
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name: [ add value to memory],
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$l = #[next] (mu)$,
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$cl mu cr xarrowSquiggly(v)_#[add] cl l, mu [l <- v] cr$,
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)
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))
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== Semantics
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// $V := memelem$ - значения памяти
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$X$ - можество переменных
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// FIXME: TMP
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#let valuemem = `valuemem`
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#let memelem = `memelem`
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#let pathenvmode = `pathenvmode`
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#let pathenvval = `pathenvval`
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#let pathenvmem = `pathenvmem`
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#let pathenvtype = `pathenvtype`
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#let env = `env`
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$sigma : env := X -> LL times type, space sigma : env$ - #[ метки памяти и типы значений пеерменных контекста, частично определённая функция ]
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// $DD : X -> decl$ - глобальные определения, частично определённая функция
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// $d in decl, $
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$s in stmt, f in X, x in X, a in X$
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// FIXME ??
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// $d space @ space overline(x)$ - запись применения функции (вида #decl) к аргументам
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=== Path Accessors
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Набор частично определённых фунций для работы с путями.
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Для удобства значение, получаемое из текущего применением пути, будем называть полем.
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// Все эти функции используются с префиксом `path.`.
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#let eqmu = $attach(=, br: mu)$
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#let arrmu = $attach(->, br: mu)$
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#let ttype = $attach(tack.r, br: type)$
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#let tpath = $attach(tack.r, br: path)$
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#let tmode = $attach(tack.r, br: mode)$
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#let val = `val`
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#let label = `label`
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#let tval = $attach(tack.r, br: val)$
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#let tlabel = $attach(tack.r, br: label)$
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#let tetype = $attach(tack.r.double, br: type)$
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#let temode = $attach(tack.r.double, br: mode)$
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#let teval = $attach(tack.r.double, br: val)$
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#let telabel = $attach(tack.r.double, br: label)$
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// TODO: env mem label ??, env mem value ??
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// TODO: FIXME: backwards, deconstruction ??
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- #[ Конструирование путей по переменой
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#align(center, prooftree(
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vertical-spacing: 4pt,
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rule(
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name: [ variable path],
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$x tpath @x$,
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)
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))
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#align(center, prooftree(
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vertical-spacing: 4pt,
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rule(
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name: [ reference path],
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$x tpath p$,
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$x tpath rf p$,
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)
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))
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#align(center, prooftree(
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vertical-spacing: 4pt,
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rule(
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name: [ access path],
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$x tpath p$,
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$x tpath p.i$,
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)
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))
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]
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- #[ Получение типа поля
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#align(center, prooftree(
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vertical-spacing: 4pt,
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rule(
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name: [ variable typing],
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$x : t_x ttype @x : t_x$,
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)
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))
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#align(center, prooftree(
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vertical-spacing: 4pt,
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rule(
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name: [ reference typing],
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$x tpath p$,
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$x : t_x ttype p : rf mode t_p$,
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$x : t_x ttype *p : t_p$,
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)
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))
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#align(center, prooftree(
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vertical-spacing: 4pt,
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rule(
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name: [ access typing],
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$x tpath p$,
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$x : t_x ttype p : [t_1, ... t_n]$,
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$x : t_x ttype p.i : t_i$,
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)
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))
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]
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- #[ Получение тега поля
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#align(center, prooftree(
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vertical-spacing: 4pt,
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rule(
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name: [ variable typing],
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$t_x = rf mode t$,
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$x : t_x tmode @x -> mode$,
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)
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))
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#align(center, prooftree(
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vertical-spacing: 4pt,
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rule(
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name: [ reference typing],
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$x tpath p$,
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$x : t_x tmode p : rf mode t_p$,
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$x : t_x tmode *p : t_p$,
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)
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))
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#align(center, prooftree(
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vertical-spacing: 4pt,
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rule(
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name: [ access typing],
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$x tpath p$,
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$x : t_x tmode p : [t_1, ... t_n]$,
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$x : t_x tmode p.i : t_i$,
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)
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))
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]
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- #[ Получение значения поля
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#align(center, prooftree(
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vertical-spacing: 4pt,
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rule(
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name: [ variable typing],
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$x eqmu v_x tval @x eqmu v_x$,
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)
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))
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#align(center, prooftree(
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vertical-spacing: 4pt,
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rule(
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name: [ reference typing],
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$x tpath p$,
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$x eqmu v_x tval p eqmu rf l$,
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$x eqmu v_x tval *p eqmu mu[l]$,
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)
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))
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#align(center, prooftree(
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vertical-spacing: 4pt,
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rule(
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name: [ access typing],
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$x tpath p$,
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$x eqmu v_x tmode p eqmu [v_1, ... v_n]$,
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$x eqmu v_x tmode p.i eqmu v_i$,
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)
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))
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]
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- #[ Получение метки поля
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#align(center, prooftree(
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vertical-spacing: 4pt,
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rule(
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name: [ variable typing],
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$v_x = rf l$,
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$x eqmu v_x tval p eqmu rf l$,
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$x eqmu v_x tmode p arrmu l$,
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)
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))
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]
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- #[ Получение типа поля по окружению
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#align(center, prooftree(
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vertical-spacing: 4pt,
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rule(
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name: [ access typing],
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$x tpath p$,
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$x : sigma[x].2 ttype p : t$,
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$sigma tetype p : t$,
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)
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))
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]
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- #[ Получение тега поля по окружению
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#align(center, prooftree(
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vertical-spacing: 4pt,
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rule(
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name: [ access typing],
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$x tpath p$,
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$x : sigma[x].2 tmode p -> mode$,
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$sigma temode p -> mode$,
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)
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))
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]
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- #[ Получение значения поля по окружению
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#align(center, prooftree(
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vertical-spacing: 4pt,
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rule(
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name: [ access typing],
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$x tpath p$,
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$x eqmu sigma[x].1 tval p eqmu v$,
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$sigma, mu teval p eqmu x$,
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)
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))
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]
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- #[ Получение метки поля по окружению
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#align(center, prooftree(
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vertical-spacing: 4pt,
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rule(
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name: [ access typing],
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$x tpath p$,
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$x eqmu sigma[x].1 tlabel p arrmu l$,
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$sigma, mu telabel p arrmu l$,
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)
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))
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]
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=== Mode Correctness
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Функции проверки тегов, имеют тип $mode -> #[bool]$:
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#let modevar = $(r space w space c space i space o)$
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$ isRead modevar = r == "Read" $
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$ isAlwaysWrite modevar = w == square "Write" $
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$ isPossibleWrite modevar = w == diamond "Write" || w == square "Write" $
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$ isRef modevar = c == "Ref" $
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$ isCopy modevar = c == "Copy" $
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$ isIn modevar = i == "In" $
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$ isOut modevar = o == "Out" $
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Требования к тегам:
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$ isOut mode -> isAlwaysWrite mode $
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$ isRead mode -> isIn mode $
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// TODO: rest conditions ??
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=== Eval Rules
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// FIXME: make connected to syntax
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*TODO*
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||
|
||
#h(10pt)
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||
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||
#let args = `args`
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||
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||
#[
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#let ref = `ref`
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#let copy = `copy`
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#let read = `read`
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// #align(center, grid(
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// columns: 3,
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// gutter: 5%,
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// align(bottom, prooftree(
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||
// ...
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// )),
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// align(bottom, prooftree(
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||
// ...
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||
// )),
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// align(bottom, prooftree(
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||
// ...
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// )),
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// ))
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// TODO: introduce spep env argument ??
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#h(10pt)
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=== Correctness
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*TODO*
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// TODO: FIXME: well formatness for mode, extract
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// TODO: FIXME: check for mode, is recursion required ??
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// TODO: FIXME: check mode & access corectness in os correct
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// TODO: check all requirements
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#align(center, prooftree(
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vertical-spacing: 4pt,
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rule(
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name: [ is correct],
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// NOTE: moved to general mode requirements
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// $isOut mode -> isAlwaysWrite mode$, // NOTE; strong requirment should write
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// $isRead mode -> isIn mode$,
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$isPossibleWrite mode and (isOut mode or not isCopy mode) -> isAlwaysWrite pathenvmode(sigma, x)$, // NOTE: may mode => should sigma(x)
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$isRead mode -> pathenvval(mu, sigma, x) != bot and pathenvval(mu, sigma, x) != X$,
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$isCorrect_(cl sigma, mu cr) (mode, x)$,
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)
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))
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|
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#h(10pt)
|
||
|
||
=== Value Construction
|
||
|
||
#let new = `new`
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||
#let Copy = `Copy`
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||
#let Ref = `Ref`
|
||
|
||
#align(center, prooftree(
|
||
vertical-spacing: 4pt,
|
||
rule(
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||
name: [ new $0$ value],
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||
|
||
// TODO: check that access is what required ??
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||
$cl 0, mu cr xarrowSquiggly(space)_new cl 0, mu cr$,
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||
)
|
||
))
|
||
|
||
#align(center, prooftree(
|
||
vertical-spacing: 4pt,
|
||
rule(
|
||
name: [ new $\#$ value],
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||
|
||
// TODO: check that access is what required ??
|
||
$cl \#, mu cr xarrowSquiggly(space)_new cl \#, mu cr$,
|
||
)
|
||
))
|
||
|
||
#align(center, prooftree(
|
||
vertical-spacing: 4pt,
|
||
rule(
|
||
name: [ new $bot$ value],
|
||
|
||
$cl bot, mu cr xarrowSquiggly(space)_new cl bot, mu cr$,
|
||
)
|
||
))
|
||
|
||
#align(center, prooftree(
|
||
vertical-spacing: 4pt,
|
||
rule(
|
||
name: [ new funciton pointer value],
|
||
|
||
$cl lambda overline(t) s, mu cr xarrowSquiggly(space)_new cl lambda overline(t) s, mu cr$,
|
||
)
|
||
))
|
||
|
||
#align(center, prooftree(
|
||
vertical-spacing: 4pt,
|
||
rule(
|
||
name: [ new reference ref value],
|
||
|
||
$cl rf Ref space l, mu cr xarrowSquiggly(space)_new cl rf Ref space l, mu cr$,
|
||
)
|
||
))
|
||
|
||
#align(center, prooftree(
|
||
vertical-spacing: 4pt,
|
||
rule(
|
||
name: [ new reference copy value],
|
||
|
||
$cl mu[l], mu cr xarrowSquiggly(space)_new cl v, mu_v cr$,
|
||
|
||
$cl mu_v cr xarrowSquiggly(v)_#[add] cl l', mu_a cr$,
|
||
|
||
$cl rf Copy space l, mu cr xarrowSquiggly(space)_new cl rf copy space l', mu_a cr$,
|
||
)
|
||
))
|
||
|
||
#align(center, prooftree(
|
||
vertical-spacing: 4pt,
|
||
rule(
|
||
name: [ new tuple value],
|
||
|
||
$cl v_1, mu_0 cr xarrowSquiggly(space)_new cl lambda v'_1, mu_1 cr$,
|
||
$...$,
|
||
$cl v_n, mu_(n - 1) cr xarrowSquiggly(space)_new cl lambda v'_n, mu_n cr$,
|
||
|
||
$cl [v_1, ... v_n], mu_0 cr xarrowSquiggly(space)_new cl [v'_1, ... v'_n], mu_n cr$,
|
||
)
|
||
))
|
||
|
||
=== Call Finalization
|
||
|
||
#align(center, prooftree(
|
||
vertical-spacing: 4pt,
|
||
rule(
|
||
name: [ spoil init],
|
||
$mu stretch(=>)^nothing_(cl sigma, mu cr) mu$,
|
||
)
|
||
))
|
||
|
||
#h(10pt)
|
||
|
||
#align(center, prooftree(
|
||
vertical-spacing: 4pt,
|
||
rule(
|
||
name: [ spoil step],
|
||
|
||
$mu stretch(=>)^args_sigma gamma$,
|
||
|
||
$isPossibleWrite mode$, // NOTE: weak requirement: may write
|
||
$not isCopy mode$,
|
||
$not isOut mode$,
|
||
|
||
$isCorrect_(cl sigma, mu cr) (mode, x)$,
|
||
|
||
// gamma - memory (as mu)
|
||
$gamma stretch(=>)^((mode, x) : args)_sigma pathenvval(gamma, sigma, x) <- bot]$
|
||
)
|
||
))
|
||
|
||
#h(10pt)
|
||
|
||
#align(center, prooftree(
|
||
vertical-spacing: 4pt,
|
||
rule(
|
||
name: [ fix step],
|
||
|
||
$mu stretch(=>)^args_sigma gamma$,
|
||
|
||
$isAlwaysWrite mode$, // NOTE: strong requirement: should write
|
||
$isOut mode$,
|
||
|
||
$isCorrect_(cl sigma, mu cr) (mode, x)$,
|
||
|
||
// gamma - memory (as mu)
|
||
$gamma stretch(=>)^((mode, x) : args)_sigma pathenvval(gamma, sigma, x) <- 0]$
|
||
)
|
||
))
|
||
|
||
#h(10pt)
|
||
|
||
#align(center, prooftree(
|
||
vertical-spacing: 4pt,
|
||
rule(
|
||
name: [ skip step],
|
||
|
||
$mu stretch(=>)^args_sigma gamma$,
|
||
|
||
$not "spoil step"$,
|
||
$not "fix step"$,
|
||
|
||
$isCorrect_(cl sigma, mu cr) (mode, x)$,
|
||
|
||
// mu
|
||
$gamma stretch(=>)^((mode, x) : args)_sigma gamma$
|
||
)
|
||
))
|
||
|
||
|
||
#h(10pt)
|
||
|
||
=== Function Evaluation
|
||
|
||
#align(center, prooftree(
|
||
vertical-spacing: 4pt,
|
||
rule(
|
||
name: [ $(lambda a : t. d) m$],
|
||
|
||
// TODO: verify that type of m is t ??
|
||
|
||
$cl sigma [a <- (m, t)], mu, l cr
|
||
xarrowSquiggly(t)
|
||
cl sigma', mu', l' cr$,
|
||
|
||
$cl sigma', mu', l' cr
|
||
xarrowDashed(d space @ space overline(y))
|
||
cl sigma'', mu'', l'' cr$,
|
||
|
||
$isRead mode$,
|
||
$not isCopy mode$,
|
||
|
||
// NOTE: correctness checked in CALL f
|
||
|
||
$cl sigma, mu, l cr
|
||
xarrowDashed((lambda a. d) space @ space x space overline(y))
|
||
cl sigma'', mu'', l'' cr$,
|
||
)
|
||
))
|
||
|
||
#h(10pt)
|
||
|
||
#align(center, prooftree(
|
||
vertical-spacing: 4pt,
|
||
rule(
|
||
name: [decl body],
|
||
|
||
$cl sigma, mu, l cr
|
||
attach(stretch(->)^overline(s), tr: *)
|
||
cl sigma', mu', l' cr$,
|
||
|
||
$d = overline(s)$,
|
||
|
||
$cl sigma, mu, l cr
|
||
xarrowDashed(d space @)
|
||
cl sigma', mu', l' cr$,
|
||
)
|
||
))
|
||
|
||
#h(10pt)
|
||
|
||
=== Statement Evaluation
|
||
|
||
#align(center, prooftree(
|
||
vertical-spacing: 4pt,
|
||
rule(
|
||
name: [ CALL $f space overline(x)$],
|
||
|
||
$cl [], mu, l cr
|
||
xarrowDashed(d space @ space overline(x))
|
||
cl sigma', mu', l' cr$,
|
||
|
||
// TODO: FIXME define args in some way
|
||
$mu attach(stretch(=>)^args_sigma, tr: *) gamma$,
|
||
|
||
$DD(f) := d$,
|
||
|
||
$cl sigma, mu, l cr
|
||
xarrow("CALL" f space overline(x))
|
||
cl sigma, gamma, l cr$,
|
||
)
|
||
))
|
||
|
||
#h(10pt)
|
||
|
||
#align(center, prooftree(
|
||
vertical-spacing: 4pt,
|
||
rule(
|
||
name: [ CALL_LAM $y space overline(x)$],
|
||
|
||
$pathenvtype(sigma, y) = F_f$,
|
||
|
||
$cl sigma, mu, l cr
|
||
xarrow("CALL" f space overline(x))
|
||
cl sigma, gamma, l cr$,
|
||
|
||
$cl sigma, mu, l cr
|
||
xarrow("CALL_LAM" y space overline(x))
|
||
cl sigma, gamma, l cr$,
|
||
)
|
||
))
|
||
|
||
#h(10pt)
|
||
|
||
#align(center, prooftree(
|
||
vertical-spacing: 4pt,
|
||
rule(
|
||
name: [ READ $x$],
|
||
|
||
$pathenvval(mu, sigma, x) != bot$,
|
||
$pathenvval(mu, sigma, x) != X$,
|
||
|
||
$cl sigma, mu, l cr
|
||
xarrow("READ" x)
|
||
cl sigma, mu, l cr$,
|
||
)
|
||
))
|
||
|
||
#h(10pt)
|
||
|
||
#align(center, prooftree(
|
||
vertical-spacing: 4pt,
|
||
rule(
|
||
name: [ WRITE $x$],
|
||
|
||
$isPossibleWrite sigma(x)$,
|
||
|
||
$cl sigma, mu, l cr
|
||
xarrow("WRITE" x)
|
||
cl sigma, pathenvval(mu, sigma, x) <- 0, l cr$,
|
||
)
|
||
))
|
||
|
||
#h(10pt)
|
||
|
||
#let combine = `combine`
|
||
|
||
#align(center, prooftree(
|
||
vertical-spacing: 4pt,
|
||
rule(
|
||
name: [ CHOICE $overline(s)$ $overline(t)$],
|
||
|
||
$cl sigma, mu, l cr
|
||
attach(stretch(->)^overline(s), tr: *)
|
||
cl sigma_s, mu_s, l_s cr$,
|
||
|
||
$cl sigma, mu, l cr
|
||
attach(stretch(->)^overline(t), tr: *)
|
||
cl sigma_t, mu_t, l_t cr$,
|
||
|
||
$l_t = l_s$,
|
||
$sigma_s = sigma_t$,
|
||
|
||
// TODO changes ?? two ways ??
|
||
$cl sigma, mu, l cr
|
||
xarrow("CHOICE" overline(s) space overline(t))
|
||
cl sigma, combine(mu_s, mu_t), l cr$,
|
||
)
|
||
))
|
||
|
||
#h(10pt)
|
||
|
||
=== Combination
|
||
|
||
$ combine(mu_1, mu_2)[i] = combine_e (mu_1[i], mu_2[i]) $
|
||
$ combine_e (bot, bot) = bot $
|
||
$ combine_e (0, 0) = 0 $
|
||
$ combine_e (\_, \_) = X $
|
||
|
||
]
|