most of node factory nodes (without grammar fixes), different scopes, function arguments, correct way to unreference (without grammar fix), captures (partially, only parsing)

src/main/java/org/programsnail/truffle_lama/GlobalScopeObject.java

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ public final class GlobalScopeObject implements TruffleObject {
 
     public boolean updateVariable(String name, Object value) {
         if (this.constants.contains(name)) {
-            throw new LamaException("Can't assign to const var '" + name + "'.");
+            throw new LamaException("Can't put to const var '" + name + "'.");
         }
         Object updatedValue = this.variables.computeIfPresent(name, (k, v) -> value);
         return updatedValue != null;

src/main/java/org/programsnail/truffle_lama/nodes/FunctionDispatchNode.java

@@ -16,14 +16,14 @@ public abstract class FunctionDispatchNode extends Node {
     protected static Object dispatchDirectly(FunctionObject function,
                                              Object[] arguments,
                                              @Cached("create(function.callTarget)") DirectCallNode directCallNode) {
-        return directCallNode.call(arguments); // TODO: check arguments count ??
+        return directCallNode.call(arguments);
     }
 
     @Specialization(replaces = "dispatchDirectly")
     protected static Object dispatchIndirectly(FunctionObject function,
                                                Object[] arguments,
                                                @Cached IndirectCallNode indirectCallNode) {
-        return indirectCallNode.call(function.callTarget, arguments); // TODO: check arguments count ??
+        return indirectCallNode.call(function.callTarget, arguments);
     }
 
     @Fallback

src/main/java/org/programsnail/truffle_lama/nodes/LamaExpressionNode.java

@@ -25,7 +25,6 @@ public abstract class LamaExpressionNode extends Node {
         return LamaContext.get(this);
     }
     
-
     public abstract Object executeGeneric(VirtualFrame frame);
 
     // ---

src/main/java/org/programsnail/truffle_lama/nodes/expression/LamaArgumentRefNode.java

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+package org.programsnail.truffle_lama.nodes.expression;
+
+import com.oracle.truffle.api.frame.VirtualFrame;
+import org.programsnail.truffle_lama.nodes.LamaExpressionNode;
+import org.programsnail.truffle_lama.runtime.LamaArgumentRef;
+
+public final class LamaArgumentRefNode extends LamaExpressionNode {
+    private final int index;
+
+    public LamaArgumentRefNode(int index) {
+        this.index = index;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Object executeGeneric(VirtualFrame frame) {
+        return new LamaArgumentRef(this.index);
+    }
+}

src/main/java/org/programsnail/truffle_lama/nodes/expression/LamaAssignNode.java

@@ -1,13 +1,10 @@
 package org.programsnail.truffle_lama.nodes.expression;
 
-import com.oracle.truffle.api.dsl.NodeChild;
-import com.oracle.truffle.api.dsl.Specialization;
 import com.oracle.truffle.api.frame.VirtualFrame;
-import com.oracle.truffle.api.nodes.UnexpectedResultException;
 import org.programsnail.truffle_lama.nodes.LamaExpressionNode;
 import org.programsnail.truffle_lama.runtime.LamaException;
+import org.programsnail.truffle_lama.runtime.LamaObjRef;
 import org.programsnail.truffle_lama.runtime.LamaUnit;
-import org.programsnail.truffle_lama.runtime.LamaGlobalVarRef;
 
 public final class LamaAssignNode extends LamaExpressionNode {
     @Child
@@ -22,12 +19,12 @@ public final class LamaAssignNode extends LamaExpressionNode {
         var leftValue = leftNode.executeGeneric(frame);
         var rightValue = rightNode.executeGeneric(frame);
 
-        if (leftValue instanceof LamaGlobalVarRef varRef) {
+        if (leftValue instanceof LamaObjRef varRef) {
-            if (!varRef.assign(rightValue, frame)) {
+            if (!varRef.put(rightValue, frame)) {
-                throw new LamaException("Can't update variable by identifier '" + varRef.getName() + "'");
+                throw new LamaException("Can't update variable");
             }
         } else {
-            throw new LamaException("Can't assign not to ref", this);
+            throw new LamaException("Can't put not to ref", this);
         }
         return LamaUnit.INSTANCE;
     }

src/main/java/org/programsnail/truffle_lama/nodes/expression/LamaCallNode.java

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ package org.programsnail.truffle_lama.nodes.expression;
 import com.oracle.truffle.api.frame.VirtualFrame;
 import com.oracle.truffle.api.nodes.UnexpectedResultException;
 import org.programsnail.truffle_lama.nodes.FunctionDispatchNode;
+import org.programsnail.truffle_lama.nodes.FunctionDispatchNodeGen;
 import org.programsnail.truffle_lama.nodes.LamaExpressionNode;
 
 public final class LamaCallNode extends LamaExpressionNode {
@@ -15,10 +16,10 @@ public final class LamaCallNode extends LamaExpressionNode {
     @Child
     private FunctionDispatchNode dispatchNode;
 
-    public LamaCallNode(LamaExpressionNode targetFunction, LamaExpressionNode[] callArguments, FunctionDispatchNode dispatchNode) {
+    public LamaCallNode(LamaExpressionNode targetFunction, LamaExpressionNode[] callArguments) {
         this.functionNode = targetFunction;
         this.callArgumentNodes = callArguments;
-        this.dispatchNode = dispatchNode;
+        this.dispatchNode = FunctionDispatchNodeGen.create();
     }
 
     @Override

src/main/java/org/programsnail/truffle_lama/nodes/expression/LamaElemNode.java

@@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
-package org.programsnail.truffle_lama.nodes.expression;
-
-import com.oracle.truffle.api.dsl.Fallback;
-import com.oracle.truffle.api.dsl.NodeChild;
-import com.oracle.truffle.api.dsl.Specialization;
-import org.programsnail.truffle_lama.nodes.LamaExpressionNode;
-import org.programsnail.truffle_lama.runtime.LamaArrayLike;
-import org.programsnail.truffle_lama.runtime.LamaException;
-
-@NodeChild("leftNode")
-@NodeChild("rightNode")
-public abstract class LamaElemNode extends LamaExpressionNode {
-    @Specialization
-    public Object accessAt(LamaArrayLike array, int id) {
-        return array.readAt(id);
-    }
-
-    @Fallback
-    public Object accessFailed(Object array, Object id) {
-        throw new LamaException("Elem: wrong types", this);
-    }
-}

src/main/java/org/programsnail/truffle_lama/nodes/expression/LamaGlobalRefNode.java

@@ -1,12 +1,11 @@
 package org.programsnail.truffle_lama.nodes.expression;
 
 import com.oracle.truffle.api.frame.VirtualFrame;
-import com.oracle.truffle.api.nodes.UnexpectedResultException;
 import org.programsnail.truffle_lama.nodes.LamaExpressionNode;
 import org.programsnail.truffle_lama.runtime.LamaGlobalVarRef;
 
 public final class LamaGlobalRefNode extends LamaExpressionNode {
-    String name;
+    private final String name;
 
     public LamaGlobalRefNode(String name) {
         this.name = name;
@@ -14,6 +13,6 @@ public final class LamaGlobalRefNode extends LamaExpressionNode {
 
     @Override
     public Object executeGeneric(VirtualFrame frame) {
-        return new LamaGlobalVarRef(this.name, this.currentLanguageContext());
+        return new LamaGlobalVarRef(this.name, this.currentLanguageContext()).get(frame);
     }
 }

src/main/java/org/programsnail/truffle_lama/nodes/expression/LamaGlobalVarNode.java

@@ -8,6 +8,10 @@ import org.programsnail.truffle_lama.runtime.LamaUnit;
 public final class LamaGlobalVarNode extends LamaExpressionNode {
     String name;
 
+    public LamaGlobalVarNode(String name) {
+        this.name = name;
+    }
+
     @Override
     public Object executeGeneric(VirtualFrame frame) {
         this.currentLanguageContext().globalScopeObject.newVariable(name, LamaUnit.INSTANCE, false);

src/main/java/org/programsnail/truffle_lama/nodes/expression/LamaLeaveNode.java

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-package org.programsnail.truffle_lama.nodes.expression;
-
-public final class LamaLeaveNode {
-    // TODO
-}

src/main/java/org/programsnail/truffle_lama/nodes/expression/LamaLocalVarNode.java

@@ -19,7 +19,8 @@ public final class LamaLocalVarNode extends LamaExpressionNode {
 
     @Override
     public Object executeGeneric(VirtualFrame frame) {
-        frame.getFrameDescriptor().setSlotKind(this.frameSlot, FrameSlotKind.Object);
+        // NOTE: slot is already created in parser.NodeFactory
+        // frame.getFrameDescriptor().setSlotKind(this.frameSlot, FrameSlotKind.Object);
         return LamaUnit.INSTANCE;
     }
 }

src/main/java/org/programsnail/truffle_lama/nodes/expression/LamaUnrefNode.java

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+package org.programsnail.truffle_lama.nodes.expression;
+
+import com.oracle.truffle.api.frame.VirtualFrame;
+import org.programsnail.truffle_lama.nodes.LamaExpressionNode;
+import org.programsnail.truffle_lama.runtime.LamaException;
+import org.programsnail.truffle_lama.runtime.LamaObjRef;
+import org.programsnail.truffle_lama.runtime.LamaUnit;
+
+public final class LamaUnrefNode extends LamaExpressionNode {
+    @Child
+    private LamaExpressionNode refNode;
+
+    public LamaUnrefNode(LamaExpressionNode refNode) {
+        this.refNode = refNode;
+    }
+
+    public Object executeGeneric(VirtualFrame frame) {
+        var refValue = refNode.executeGeneric(frame);
+
+        if (refValue instanceof LamaObjRef varRef) {
+            return varRef.get(frame);
+        }
+
+        throw new LamaException("Can't put not to ref", this);
+    }
+}

src/main/java/org/programsnail/truffle_lama/parser/Lama.g4

@@ -224,11 +224,11 @@ postfix returns [List<LamaExpressionNode> args, Optional<LamaExpressionNode> acc
 
 primary returns [LamaExpressionNode result]:
     DECIMAL_LITERAL { $result = factory.createConstNode($DECIMAL_LITERAL); } // minus - inside decimal literal definition
-  | STRING_LITERAL { $result = factory.createStringNode(LamaStrings.convertStringLiteral($STRING_LITERAL)); }
+  | STRING_LITERAL { $result = factory.createStringNode($STRING_LITERAL); }
-  | CHAR_LITERAL { $result = factory.createConstNode(LamaStrings.convertCharLiteral($CHAR_LITERAL)); }
+  | CHAR_LITERAL { $result = factory.createCharConstNode($CHAR_LITERAL); }
   | LIDENT { $result = factory.createRefNode($LIDENT); }
-  | 'true' { $result = factory.createConstNode(1); }
+  | tok='true' { $result = factory.createValueConstNode($tok, 1); }
-  | 'false' { $result = factory.createConstNode(0); }
+  | tok='false' { $result = factory.createValueConstNode($tok, 0); }
   | 'infix' any_infix { $result = factory.createRefNode($any_infix.result); }
   | 'fun' '(' function_arguments ')' function_body
     { $result = factory.createClosureNode($function_arguments.args, $function_body.result); } // TODO: scopes

src/main/java/org/programsnail/truffle_lama/parser/LamaNodeFactory.java

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 package org.programsnail.truffle_lama.parser;
 
-import com.oracle.truffle.api.RootCallTarget;
 import com.oracle.truffle.api.frame.FrameDescriptor;
+import com.oracle.truffle.api.frame.FrameSlotKind;
 import com.oracle.truffle.api.source.Source;
 import com.oracle.truffle.api.strings.TruffleString;
 import org.antlr.v4.runtime.Token;
@@ -14,47 +14,251 @@ import org.programsnail.truffle_lama.nodes.controlflow.LamaIfNode;
 import org.programsnail.truffle_lama.nodes.controlflow.LamaWhileNode;
 import org.programsnail.truffle_lama.nodes.expression.*;
 import org.programsnail.truffle_lama.nodes.pattern.*;
+import org.programsnail.truffle_lama.runtime.LamaException;
 
-import javax.print.attribute.standard.PresentationDirection;
+import java.util.*;
-import java.util.Arrays;
-import java.util.HashMap;
-import java.util.List;
-import java.util.Map;
 
 public class LamaNodeFactory {
-    static class LexicalScope {
-        protected final LexicalScope outer;
-        protected final Map<TruffleString, Integer> locals;
 
-        LexicalScope(LexicalScope outer) {
+    static class FunctionData {
-            this.outer = outer;
+        protected FrameDescriptor.Builder frameDescriptorBuilder;
-            this.locals = new HashMap<>();
+        protected Map<Integer, Integer> captureList;
+        protected Map<String, Integer> arguments;
+
+        public FunctionData() {
+            this.frameDescriptorBuilder = FrameDescriptor.newBuilder();
+            this.captureList = Map.of();
         }
 
-        public Integer find(TruffleString name) {
+        public FrameDescriptor.Builder getFrameDescriptorBuilder() {
+            return frameDescriptorBuilder;
+        }
+
+        public Map<Integer, Integer> getCaptureList() {
+            return captureList;
+        }
+
+        public Map<String, Integer> getArguments() {
+            return arguments;
+        }
+
+        public FrameDescriptor buildFrameDescriptor() {
+            return this.frameDescriptorBuilder.build();
+        }
+
+        public Integer addArgument(String name) {
+            if (arguments.get(name) != null) {
+                throw new LamaException("Can't bind argument " + name + " more then once in one function");
+            }
+            int index = arguments.size();
+            return arguments.put(name, index);
+        }
+
+        public int findArgument(String name) {
+            return arguments.get(name);
+        }
+
+        public int getArgumentsCount() {
+            return arguments.size();
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class LexicalScope {
+        protected final LexicalScope outer;
+        protected final LexicalScope global;
+        protected final LexicalScope top;
+        protected final LexicalScope frame;
+        protected final boolean isTop;
+
+        protected final Map<String, Integer> locals;
+
+        FunctionData functionData;
+
+        public enum Kind {
+            INNER_SCOPE,
+            INNER_CLOSURE,
+            FUNCTION,
+        }
+
+        // outer scope == null -> global scope
+        // isTop - for independent lexical scopes separation (functions)
+        // isFramed - to separate scopes with capture possibility
+        public LexicalScope(LexicalScope outer, Kind kind) {
+            boolean isTop = kind == Kind.FUNCTION;
+            boolean isFramed = kind == Kind.INNER_CLOSURE || kind == Kind.FUNCTION;
+            // assert !isTop || isFramed;
+
+            this.outer = outer;
+            this.isTop = isTop;
+            this.locals = new HashMap<>();
+
+            this.global = outer == null ? this : outer;
+            this.top = isTop ? this : (outer == null ? null : outer.top);
+            this.frame = isFramed ? this : (outer == null ? null : outer.frame);
+
+            if (isFramed) {
+                functionData = new FunctionData();
+            }
+        }
+
+        public LexicalScope getOuter() {
+            return outer;
+        }
+
+        public LexicalScope getGlobal() {
+            return global;
+        }
+
+        public LexicalScope getTop() {
+            return top;
+        }
+
+        public LexicalScope getFrame() {
+            return frame;
+        }
+
+        public int getArgumentsCount() {
+            return frame.functionData.getArgumentsCount();
+        }
+
+
+        // ---
+
+        public FrameDescriptor buildFrameDescriptor() {
+            return functionData.buildFrameDescriptor();
+        }
+
+        // ---
+
+        public boolean isGlobal() {
+            return outer == null;
+        }
+
+        public boolean isFramed() {
+            return functionData != null;
+        }
+
+        // ---
+
+        public int addArgument(String name) {
+            if (!isFramed()) {
+                throw new LamaException("Can't add argument " + name + ": not in the function primary scope");
+            }
+            return frame.functionData.addArgument(name);
+        }
+
+        public int add(String name) {
+            int frameSlot = addSlot(name);
+            if (locals.get(name) != null) {
+                throw new LamaException("Can't bind name " + name + " more then once in one scope");
+            }
+            locals.put(name, frameSlot);
+            return frameSlot;
+        }
+
+        public int addToGlobal(String name) {
+            return global.add(name);
+        }
+
+        // NOTE: only for frame
+        protected int addWithCapture(String name, Integer capturedSlot) {
+            int frameSlot = add(name);
+            if (capturedSlot != null) {
+                functionData.getCaptureList().put(frameSlot, capturedSlot);
+            }
+            return frameSlot;
+        }
+
+        protected int addToFrameWithCapture(String name, Integer capturedSlot) {
+            if (frame == null) {
+                throw new LamaException("Can't bind name " + name + " at top scope: no frame scope available");
+            }
+            return frame.addWithCapture(name, capturedSlot);
+        }
+
+        public int addToFrame(String name) {
+            return addToFrameWithCapture(name, null);
+        }
+
+        public Integer capture(String name) {
+            if (isGlobal()) { // can't capture in global context
+                return null;
+            }
+            if (find(name) != null) {
+                throw new LamaException("Can't capture name " + name + ": name already is in function scope");
+            }
+            return captureNoCheck(name);
+        }
+
+        public Integer captureNoCheck(String name) {
+            Integer capturedSlot = frame.findNoCheck(name, true);
+            if (capturedSlot == null) {
+                return null;
+            }
+            return addToFrameWithCapture(name, capturedSlot);
+        }
+
+        // ---
+
+        public Integer findArgument(String name) {
+            return frame.functionData.findArgument(name);
+        }
+
+        public Integer findGlobal(String name) {
+            return global.findNoCheck(name, false);
+        }
+
+        public Integer find(String name) {
+            if (isGlobal()) { // global variables are not part of the local scope
+                return null;
+            }
+            return findNoCheck(name, false);
+        }
+
+        protected Integer findNoCheck(String name, boolean throughFrame) {
             Integer result = locals.get(name);
             if (result != null) {
                 return result;
-            } else if (outer != null) {
+            } else if (outer != null && !isTop && (!isFramed() || throughFrame)) {
                 return outer.find(name);
             } else {
                 return null;
             }
         }
+
+        public Integer findOrCapture(String name) {
+            if (isGlobal()) { // global variables are not part of the local scope
+                return null;
+            }
+            Integer result = findNoCheck(name, false);
+            if (result == null) {
+                return captureNoCheck(name);
+            }
+            return result;
+        }
+
+        // ---
+
+        protected int addSlot(String name) {
+            if (isGlobal()) {
+                return 0; // no slots
+            }
+
+            if (frame == null) {
+                throw new LamaException("Can't add slot for name " + name + ": no frame scope available");
+            }
+
+            if (isFramed()) {
+                return outer.addSlot(name);
+            }
+
+            return functionData.getFrameDescriptorBuilder().addSlot(FrameSlotKind.Object, name, null);
+        }
     }
 
     /* State while parsing a source unit. */
     private final Source source;
     private final TruffleString sourceString;
-//    private final Map<TruffleString, RootCallTarget> allFunctions; // defined in scope
-
-    /* State while parsing a function. */
-    private int functionStartPos;
-    private TruffleString functionName;
-    private int functionBodyStartPos; // includes parameter list
-    private int argumentsCount;
-    private FrameDescriptor.Builder frameDescriptorBuilder;
-    private LamaExpressionNode functionBody;
 
     /* State while parsing an expr. */
     private LexicalScope lexicalScope;
@@ -64,24 +268,38 @@ public class LamaNodeFactory {
         this.language = language;
         this.source = source;
         this.sourceString = LamaStrings.fromJavaString(source.getCharacters().toString());
-//        this.allFunctions = new HashMap<>();
+        lexicalScope = new LexicalScope(null, LexicalScope.Kind.FUNCTION); // same to top level
     }
 
     // ---
 
-    public void enterScope() {
+    public void enterScope(LexicalScope.Kind kind) {
-        // TODO
+        lexicalScope = new LexicalScope(lexicalScope, kind);
     }
 
     public void exitScope() {
-        // TODO
+        lexicalScope = lexicalScope.getOuter();
     }
 
     // ---
 
-    public LamaExpressionNode defineFunction(String name, LamaExpressionNode[] args, LamaExpressionNode body) {
+    // TODO: add to parser
-        // TODO: set correct frame descriptor, scope, etc.
+    public void AddFunctionArguments(Token[] args) {
-        return null; // TODO
+        for (Token arg : args) {
+            lexicalScope.addArgument(arg.getText());
+        }
+    }
+
+    // TODO: FIXME: save captures into function
+    public LamaExpressionNode createClosureNode(Token beginToken, LamaExpressionNode body, int argsCount) {
+        return addSrcFromTokenAndNode(
+                new LamaLambdaNode(
+                        body,
+                        "",
+                        lexicalScope.buildFrameDescriptor(),
+                        lexicalScope.getArgumentsCount()),
+                beginToken,
+                body);
     }
 
     // ---
@@ -93,7 +311,7 @@ public class LamaNodeFactory {
     }
 
     // TODO: use in grammar
-    public LamaExpressionNode createConstCharNode(Token token) {
+    public LamaExpressionNode createCharConstNode(Token token) {
         return addSrcFromToken(new LamaConstNode(token.getText().charAt(1)), token); // TODO: special chars
     }
 
@@ -101,9 +319,29 @@ public class LamaNodeFactory {
         return addSrcFromToken(new LamaConstNode(Long.parseLong(token.getText())), token);
     }
 
-    public LamaExpressionNode createVarNode(String name, LamaExpressionNode value) {
+    public LamaExpressionNode createValueConstNode(Token token, long value) {
-        // TODO: register id in current frame descriptor
+        return addSrcFromToken(new LamaConstNode(value), token);
-        return null; // TODO
+    }
+
+    public LamaExpressionNode createVarNode(Token token) {
+        String name = token.getText();
+
+        int slot = lexicalScope.add(name); // TODO: check if not arg ??
+        return addSrcFromToken(lexicalScope.isGlobal() /*global scope*/
+                ? new LamaGlobalVarNode(name)
+                : new LamaLocalVarNode(slot), token);
+    }
+
+    public LamaExpressionNode createAssignNode(LamaExpressionNode left, LamaExpressionNode right) {
+        return addSrcFromNodes(new LamaAssignNode(left, right), left, right);
+    }
+
+    // TODO: fix assignment in parser (var + ref + put ??)
+    public LamaExpressionNode createAssignVarNode(Token token, LamaExpressionNode value) {
+        var definition = createVarNode(token);
+        var reference = createRefNode(token);
+        var assignment = createAssignNode(reference, value);
+        return createSeqNode(definition, assignment);
     }
 
     public LamaExpressionNode createSeqNode(LamaExpressionNode left, LamaExpressionNode right) {
@@ -115,25 +353,41 @@ public class LamaNodeFactory {
     }
 
     // TODO: decide Elem or ElemRef
-    public LamaExpressionNode createElemNode(LamaExpressionNode array, LamaExpressionNode index) {
+    public LamaExpressionNode createElemRefOrValueNode(LamaExpressionNode array, LamaExpressionNode index, boolean doUnref) {
-        return addSrcFromNodes(LamaElemNodeGen.create(array, index), array, index);
+        return addUnref(createElemRefNode(array, index), doUnref);
+    }
+
+    public LamaExpressionNode createElemRefNode(LamaExpressionNode array, LamaExpressionNode index) {
+        return addSrcFromNodes(LamaElemRefNodeGen.create(array, index), array, index);
     }
 
     public LamaExpressionNode createCallNode(LamaExpressionNode func, LamaExpressionNode[] args) {
-        // TODO: find function in local / global vars
+        return addSrcFromNodes(new LamaCallNode(func, args), func, args.length > 0 ? args[args.length - 1] : func);
-        return null; // TODO
     }
 
-    public LamaExpressionNode createRefNode(String name) {
+    public LamaExpressionNode createRefOrValueNode(Token token, boolean doUnref) {
-        // TODO: find var in local / global vars
+        return addUnref(createRefNode(token), doUnref);
-        return null; // TODO
     }
 
-    public LamaExpressionNode createClosureNode(LamaExpressionNode[] args, LamaExpressionNode body) {
+    public LamaExpressionNode createRefNode(Token token) {
-        // TODO: build frame descriptor from body
+        String name = token.getText();
-        // TODO: set correct frame descriptor, scope, etc.
+
-        // return new LamaLambdaNode(body, "", /**/, args);
+        Integer slot = lexicalScope.find(name); // globals => null, check inside
-        return null; // TODO
+        if (slot != null) {
+            return addSrcFromToken(new LamaLocalRefNode(slot), token);
+        }
+
+        slot = lexicalScope.findArgument(name);
+        if (slot != null) {
+            return addSrcFromToken(new LamaArgumentRefNode(slot), token);
+        }
+
+        slot = lexicalScope.captureNoCheck(name);
+        if (slot != null) {
+            return addSrcFromToken(new LamaLocalRefNode(slot), token);
+        }
+
+        return addSrcFromToken(new LamaGlobalRefNode(name), token);
     }
 
     public LamaExpressionNode createSkipNode(Token token) {
@@ -200,11 +454,10 @@ public class LamaNodeFactory {
         return result;
     }
 
-    // TODO: fix name pattern: add possibility of associated pattern
+    public LamaPattern createNamedPattern(Token token, LamaPattern pattern) {
-    public LamaPattern createNamedPattern(TruffleString name, LamaPattern pattern) {
+        String name = token.getText();
-        // TODO: register frame descriptor id
+        int frameSlot = lexicalScope.add(name);
-        // return new LamaNamedPattern(/*id*/, pattern);
+        return new LamaNamedPattern(frameSlot, pattern);
-        return null; // TODO
     }
 
     public LamaPattern createConstPattern(Token token) {
@@ -250,12 +503,35 @@ public class LamaNodeFactory {
         return node;
     }
 
+    private static LamaExpressionNode addSrcFromTokenAndNode(LamaExpressionNode node, Token begin, LamaExpressionNode end) {
+        int beginIndex = begin.getStartIndex();
+        node.setSourceSection(beginIndex, end.getSourceEndIndex() - beginIndex);
+        return node;
+    }
+
+    private static LamaExpressionNode addSrcFromNodeAndToken(LamaExpressionNode node, LamaExpressionNode begin, Token end) {
+        int beginIndex = begin.getSourceCharIndex();
+        node.setSourceSection(beginIndex, end.getStopIndex() - beginIndex);
+        return node;
+    }
+
     private static LamaExpressionNode addSrcFromNodes(LamaExpressionNode node, LamaExpressionNode begin, LamaExpressionNode end) {
         int beginIndex = begin.getSourceCharIndex();
         node.setSourceSection(beginIndex, end.getSourceEndIndex() - beginIndex);
         return node;
     }
 
+    private static LamaExpressionNode addSrcFromNode(LamaExpressionNode node, LamaExpressionNode other) {
+        node.setSourceSection(other.getSourceCharIndex(), other.getSourceLength());
+        return node;
+    }
+
+    // ---
+
+    private static LamaExpressionNode addUnref(LamaExpressionNode node, boolean doUnref) {
+        return doUnref ? addSrcFromNode(new LamaUnrefNode(node), node) : node;
+    }
+
     // ---
 
     public LamaExpressionNode getRootExpr() {

src/main/java/org/programsnail/truffle_lama/runtime/LamaArgumentRef.java

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+package org.programsnail.truffle_lama.runtime;
+
+import com.oracle.truffle.api.frame.VirtualFrame;
+
+public final class LamaArgumentRef extends LamaObjRef {
+    private int index;
+
+    public LamaArgumentRef(int id) {
+        this.index = id;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Object get(VirtualFrame frame) {
+        return frame.getArguments()[index];
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean put(Object object, VirtualFrame frame) {
+        frame.getArguments()[index] = object;
+        return true;
+    }
+}

src/main/java/org/programsnail/truffle_lama/runtime/LamaElemRef.java

@@ -12,7 +12,12 @@ public class LamaElemRef extends LamaObjRef {
     }
 
     @Override
-    public boolean assign(Object object, VirtualFrame frame) {
+    public Object get(VirtualFrame frame) {
+        return array.readAt(id);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean put(Object object, VirtualFrame frame) {
         return array.assignAt(id, object);
     }
 }

src/main/java/org/programsnail/truffle_lama/runtime/LamaGlobalVarRef.java

@@ -17,7 +17,12 @@ public final class LamaGlobalVarRef extends LamaObjRef {
     }
 
     @Override
-    public boolean assign(Object object, VirtualFrame frame) {
+    public Object get(VirtualFrame frame) {
+        return this.context.globalScopeObject.getVariable(name);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean put(Object object, VirtualFrame frame) {
         return this.context.globalScopeObject.updateVariable(name, object);
     }
 }

src/main/java/org/programsnail/truffle_lama/runtime/LamaLocalVarRef.java

@@ -10,7 +10,12 @@ public final class LamaLocalVarRef extends LamaObjRef {
     }
 
     @Override
-    public boolean assign(Object object, VirtualFrame frame) {
+    public Object get(VirtualFrame frame) {
+        return frame.getObject(id);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean put(Object object, VirtualFrame frame) {
         frame.setObject(id, object);
         return true;
     }

src/main/java/org/programsnail/truffle_lama/runtime/LamaObjRef.java

@@ -3,5 +3,7 @@ package org.programsnail.truffle_lama.runtime;
 import com.oracle.truffle.api.frame.VirtualFrame;
 
 public abstract class LamaObjRef {
-    public abstract boolean assign(Object object, VirtualFrame frame);
+    public abstract Object get(VirtualFrame frame);
+
+    public abstract boolean put(Object object, VirtualFrame frame);
 }